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In June 2025, the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly map (top left) indicates cooler SST anomalies in most parts of the tropical Pacific, with the most prominent cooling centered in the eastern Pacific (i.e., Niño 3). Such a cooling remains to reflect a persistent neutral SST trend from earlier months.

Warm SST anomalies are also observed in the Philippine Sea, and the monitored northern and southern regions of the Tripole Pacific Index (TPI). Meanwhile, most parts of the North Pacific were considerably warmer, indicative of a negative PDO.

In the Indian Ocean, warmer SST anomalies are observed in the tropical eastern and western Indian region (i.e., EIO and WIO), which indicates no considerable dipole anomalies. In general, the tropical Indian Ocean-wide SST anomalies (i.e., IOBW) were warmer than normal.

Lastly, the tropical North Atlantic (i.e., TNA) indicates no prominent SST anomalies.

The maps on the right (top to bottom) indicate the observed SST for June 2025 and the climatological normal from 1991 to 2020, providing context for the SST anomaly maps.