January 2025 Sea Surface Temperature Analysis
In January 2025, the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly map (top left) indicates cooler SST anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific and coastal Niño regions (i.e., Niño 4 and Niño 1+2), with the most prominent cooling centered near the International Dateline. In contrast, warmer SST anomalies are present in the eastern Niño regions (i.e., Niño 3). Prominent warm SST anomalies are also observed in the Philippine Sea.
In the Indian Ocean, cooler SST anomalies are more pronounced in the tropical western region, whereas the tropical eastern region indicates no considerable anomalies.
The maps on the right (top to bottom) indicate the observed SST for January 2025 and the climatological normal from 1991 to 2020, providing context for the SST anomaly maps.
