In February 2025, the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly map (top left) indicates cooler SST anomalies in the central Pacific (i.e., Niño 4), with the most pronounced cooling near the International Dateline. In contrast, warmer SST anomalies are more evident in the eastern and coastal Niño regions (i.e., Niño 3 and Niño 1+2).

In the Indian Ocean, SST cooling is not particularly pronounced in either the tropical eastern or western regions. However, the eastern Indian Ocean exhibits more consistent cooling signals.

The maps on the right (top to bottom) indicate the observed SST for February 2025 and the climatological normal from 1991 to 2020, providing context for the SST anomaly maps.